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Overtourism at Corcovado Christ in Rio de Janeiro

Hervé Théry
Traduction de Allison Blythe Strickland. Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Cet article est une traduction de :
Surtourisme au Christ du Corcovado de Rio de Janeiro [fr]

Texte intégral

1As Dario Moreno, a Turkish-born singer specializing in Latin-American exoticism, once sang in his best-known song, which was a hit in France in 1959: "Si tu vas à Rio, n'oublie pas de monter là-haut" ("If you're going to Rio, don't forget to go up there"). Today, tourism websites and agencies say the same thing: "If you've decided to spend a few days in Rio, you'll definitely want to climb Corcovado. And rightly so. The site of Christ the Redeemer is a dream come true. It offers one of the most beautiful views in Rio and probably one of the most beautiful views in South America."1

2Inaugurated on October 12, 1931, the statue of Christ with open arms celebrated its 90th birthday in 2021. Standing 38 metres high (including the 8-metre pedestal) and weighing 1,145 tonnes, it is located at the top of the Corcovado hill (709 metres above sea level), overlooking Guanabara Bay and the entire city from a splendid vantage point.

  • 2 See footnote 1

3Alas, as the same site frankly acknowledges: "But this dreamlike experience requires (a little) organization [...] It's true that it's a very touristy place and the queue can be quite long."2

4In fact, many tourists have the same idea: by July 1, 2023, over 655,000 people had already visited the site on the minibuses that take them to Corcovado, an increase of 45% on the same period the previous year (449,000 visitors). The mini-train to the summit has already carried 538,000 visitors, while 777,000 tickets have been purchased for the whole of 2022.3

5There's no escaping the queues by taking the little cogwheel train up to the summit: "There will always be a delay between the time you pick up your tickets and your train's timetable. Even if the little Cosmo Velho station is charming, you probably won't want to spend 1h30 waiting for your train..."4 But the main problem is the management of minibuses, which are becoming increasingly popular as they pick up tourists in the city center or near their hotels.

6In her Diario de Rio article entitled "Christ the Redeemer reaches ten million visitors by official minibuses," Gabrielle Lopes announced on May 25, 2023 that "this Thursday morning Christ the Redeemer welcomed its ten millionth visitor transported by the official vans of Paineiras-Corcovado, the company that has been transporting visitors to the monument since 2012," so not counting those who take the train, private buses or arrive by cab or car to the "Visitor Center."5

7In fact, since it's impossible to park at the summit, which is so cramped, a welcome center has been set up to regulate the flow of visitors. As stated on its website, "The new Corcovado welcome center and the changes it will bring to your visit to Christ the Redeemer."6 The new visitor center, set up in the former Hotel das Paineiras at the start of the last stretch of road leading to Christ the Redeemer, has reorganized visits for all those arriving by road. The idea behind the new center was to comply with safety standards and put an end to long queues on the last stretch of road, which is now handled exclusively by the park concessionaire's minibuses. It takes just under 15 minutes for them to reach the top of Corcovado, and their passengers join those who have boarded directly from the Corcovado train.

Figure 1. Location of Corcovado's Christ the Redeemer and access to the summit

Figure 1. Location of Corcovado's Christ the Redeemer and access to the summit

Source : OpenStreetMap

8However, the whole system is clearly overwhelmed by the sheer volume of traffic it has to handle. As one visitor to the site put it - with a certain sense of understatement - "the on-site visit could be better organized; the flow of visitors and their stay in the center deserve to be regulated. The messiest moment is leaving the monument area, there's not enough room to queue for train passengers, and minibus passengers have to validate their tickets at a turnstile placed in the middle of the crowd".

9Yet the same can be said - and more seriously - of the time spent on the terraces surrounding the base of the Christ statue, as shown in figures 1 and 2. As the aforementioned site puts it: "Beware, the promontory is likely to be overrun. If you make it to the edge of the promontory, stay there for a few minutes."7

Figure 2. The stream of tourists at the summit of Corcovado

Figure 2. The stream of tourists at the summit of Corcovado

Photo ©Hervé Théry 2023

10There are, of course, constraints linked to the narrowness of the site, where the terraces from which tourists can contemplate the view and the spotlights used to illuminate the statue of Christ at night have had to be placed as best they could.

11In reality, however, most visitors aren't so much interested in the view as they are in taking selfies and having their photo taken in front of it, which serves no other purpose than to provide a background. And, of course, it takes them some time to elbow their way out of the way to give the impression that they're not in the middle of a crowd.

Figure 3. The main activity, taking a selfie...

Figure 3. The main activity, taking a selfie...

Photo ©Hervé Théry 2023

12It's not much easier at the foot of the Christ statue, where the competition is just as fierce.

Figure 4: Who will take the best selfie?

Figure 4: Who will take the best selfie?

Photo ©Hervé Théry 2023

13Given the difficulties of regulating the ever-increasing number of visitors, it will no doubt be necessary to introduce access quotas and compulsory booking, as the Louvre has done. The world's largest museum was a forerunner in France, but a number of museums and monuments abroad are already applying the compulsory reservation policy. "One example is the Sagrada Família in Barcelona. To visit it, you have to book [well] in advance," explains Carine Azzopardi "[...] This is also the case for the Borghese Gallery in Rome, the Alhambra in Granada, and the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. Faced with the overcrowding of these monuments, the response is drastic: no reservations, no visits".8.

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Table des illustrations

Titre Figure 1. Location of Corcovado's Christ the Redeemer and access to the summit
Crédits Source : OpenStreetMap
URL http://0-journals-openedition-org.catalogue.libraries.london.ac.uk/viatourism/docannexe/image/10771/img-1.png
Fichier image/png, 1,5M
Titre Figure 2. The stream of tourists at the summit of Corcovado
Crédits Photo ©Hervé Théry 2023
URL http://0-journals-openedition-org.catalogue.libraries.london.ac.uk/viatourism/docannexe/image/10771/img-2.jpg
Fichier image/jpeg, 574k
Titre Figure 3. The main activity, taking a selfie...
Crédits Photo ©Hervé Théry 2023
URL http://0-journals-openedition-org.catalogue.libraries.london.ac.uk/viatourism/docannexe/image/10771/img-3.jpg
Fichier image/jpeg, 342k
Titre Figure 4: Who will take the best selfie?
Crédits Photo ©Hervé Théry 2023
URL http://0-journals-openedition-org.catalogue.libraries.london.ac.uk/viatourism/docannexe/image/10771/img-4.jpg
Fichier image/jpeg, 341k
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Référence électronique

Hervé Théry, « Overtourism at Corcovado Christ in Rio de Janeiro », Via [En ligne], 24 | 2023, mis en ligne le 09 février 2024, consulté le 12 février 2025. URL : http://0-journals-openedition-org.catalogue.libraries.london.ac.uk/viatourism/10771 ; DOI : https://0-doi-org.catalogue.libraries.london.ac.uk/10.4000/viatourism.10771

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Hervé Théry

Universidade de São Paulo

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